Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 13-18
Lip morphology changes after first premolar extractions in patients with bimaxillary protrusion in North Indian population – A pilot study
Swati Kapoor, Ajit Kumar Jaiswal, Girish Chaudhary, Abhimanyu Kochhar, Jasmeet Kaur Ryait, Chanpreet Singh
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Swati Kapoor
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Chandigarh Road, Ludhiana - 141 010, Punjab,India.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_45_20
Introduction:
As we witness the soft-tissue paradigm, treating the face becomes more important than just treating the hard tissue variables. Therefore, it becomes crucial to quantify the soft-tissue response to changes in the hard tissue following orthodontic treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
To determine lip morphology changes after first premolar extractions in patients with bimaxillary protrusion as ratios of hard and soft-tissue changes.
Materials and Methods:
The sample consisted of pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 15 subjects with Class I bimaxillary protrusion who had undergone orthodontic treatment with four first premolars extraction and retraction of upper and lower incisors. Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms were traced and superimposed by using SN-7˚ plane. Sixteen linear measurements were made. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the co-relation between the hard and soft tissue change by Pearson's correlation. Stepwise multiple regression were made to determine factors that related with lip changes.
Results:
Significant changes after treatment were found both in dental and lip analysis. The equations of upper and lower lip changes in sagittal and vertical dimensions were derived.
Conclusion:
Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that a 1 mm retraction of the maxillary incisor cervical point would produce a 0.59 mm retraction of upper lip and 1 mm retraction of the mandibular incisor cervical point would produce 0.89 mm retraction of the lower lip. The predictability of this study may be helpful for the clinician in predicting the amount of change in profile of the patient post treatment, thus aiding in planning the treatment
How to cite this article: Kapoor S, Jaiswal A, Chaudhary G, Kochhar A, Ryait JK, Singh C. Lip morphology changes after first premolar extractions in patients with bimaxillary protrusion in North Indian population – A pilot study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:13-8.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 8-12
Assessment of condylar morphology in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite
Kiranjeet Kaur, Ajit Jaiswal, Girish Chaudhary, Jasmeet Ryait, Abhimanyu Kochhar, Chanpreet Singh,
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Kiranjeet Kaur
Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Chandigarh Road, Ludhiana - 141 010, Punjab, India.
Introduction:
Symmetry and balance in the facial morphology is an important factor determining facial attractiveness. Unilateral posterior crossbite is a common form of posterior crossbite that is usually associated with a functional mandibular shift which might, in the long run, lead to mandibular asymmetry. Thus, there was a need to study this malocclusion and its influence on the facial symmetry in young adults as any factor contributing to alteration in facial symmetry requires evaluation. The purpose of the study was to assess the condylar symmetry in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite.
Materials and Methodology:
The study was conducted on the pretreatment orthopantomograms (OPGs) of sixty cases, out of which thirty had unilateral posterior crossbite (crossbite group) and thirty had normal occlusion in the transverse plane (control group). The Condylar height(CH), Ramal height(RH), and Condylar + Ramal height(CH+RH) were compared within the groups, and their asymmetry indices were compared between the groups using ANOVA test.
Results:
The CH and CH + RH were significantly reduced on the crossbite side as compared to the normal side in the unilateral posterior crossbite group. The asymmetry indices were increased in the unilateral posterior crossbite group as compared to the control group.
Discussion:
OPGs can be used to evaluate vertical mandibular asymmetry. The condylar asymmetry index was increased in the group with unilateral posterior crossbite indicating a greater asymmetry between the two condyles in that group as compared to the control group. The finding was in concordance with a study done in the past.
Conclusion:
The unilateral posterior crossbite group showed reduced CH and CH + RH values on the crossbite side in comparison to the noncrossbite side. The same group showed a greater CH index (more than 3%) as compared to the control group, indicating that the patients with unilateral crossbite develop asymmetry in the mandibular condyle region.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_46_20
How to cite this article: Kaur K, Jaiswal A, Chaudhary G, Ryait J, Kochhar A, Singh C. Assessment of condylar morphology in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:8-12.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 1-7
Comparative evaluation of frictional forces between ceramic brackets, metal insert ceramic brackets, and conventional metal brackets with three different arch wires: An in vitro study
Paul Thomas, Poornima Jnaneshwar, Krishnaraj Rajaram, Shreya Kishore, Keerthi Venkatesan
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Poornima Jnaneshwar
SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract:
Background:
The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the frictional resistance of clarity advanced ceramic brackets, metal insert ceramic bracket, and conventional metal brackets with Nickel–titanium wire and stainless-steel archwire of varying dimensions.
Materials and Methods:
The sample size with 80% power was 45. The samples were divided into three groups each group consisting of 15, Group 1 – Clarity Advanced Ceramic Brackets (3M Unitek). Group 2 – Metal insert Ceramic Brackets (3M Unitek). Group 3 – Conventional Metal Brackets, the control group (3M Unitek). The wires used for testing were 0.016” Niti, 0.017 ×× 0.025” Niti and 0.019 ×× 0.025” SS.
Results:
In the present study, it was found that wire material (nickel titanium) had an effect on friction. It was found that metal insert ceramic bracket exhibited similar frictional resistance when compared to metal brackets for 0.017 × ×0.025” Niti and 0.019 × 0.025” SS wires. The Clarity Advanced bracket had the highest frictional resistance followed by metal insert ceramic and least with the conventional metal.
Conclusion:
Clarity advanced can be the bracket of choice for the esthetically discerning patients who do not require extraction for orthodontic reasons, but the high frictional resistance in relation to larger rectangular Niti archwires should be considered. In adult patients who require extraction in the treatment plan, metal insert ceramic brackets are definitely a pleasing alternative when compared to metal brackets.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_47_20
How to cite this article: Thomas P, Jnaneshwar P, Rajaram K, Kishore S, Venkatesan K. Comparative evaluation of frictional forces between ceramic brackets, metal insert ceramic brackets, and conventional metal brackets with three different arch wires: An in vitro study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:1-7.
Case Report
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 85-90
Noncompliant way of maxillary molar distalization
N Ibemcha Chanu1, Kuldeep Phukon1, Trilokya Bharali1, Jitendra Sharan2
1 Department of Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Regional Dental College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India, 2 Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Jitendra Sharan
Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar - 751 019, Odisha, India.
ABSTRACT
An 11-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of labially blocked out maxillary canines and irregular teeth in the upper arch. Clinical examination and evaluation revealed an Angle's Class II malocclusion on an underlying Class II skeletal base with a crowded maxillary arch, blocked out maxillary canines, mild crowding in the mandibular arch, convex profile, and obtuse nasolabial angle. Her skeletal maturity status was Stage III of the cervical vertebrae maturity index (CVMI). A nonextraction treatment plan was considered for this case, which involves bilateral permanent first molar distalization of the maxillary arch using Jones jig distalizer followed by fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy using 022 MBT prescription. The posttreatment outcome shows an appreciable improvement in facial esthetics and occlusion. Further postorthodontic phase has retained a stable occlusion and pleasing facial profile.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_43_20
How to cite this article: Chanu NI, Phukon K, Bharali T, Sharan J. Noncompliant way of maxillary molar distalization. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:85-90.
Case Report
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 79-84
An innovative therapeutic alternative for correcting the direction of eruption of a lower mandibular cuspid: A mixed dentition case report
Patricia Vergara-Villareal1, Karen Haydar Del Castillo2, Diana Milena Ramírez-Ossa3, Diana María Barbosa-Liz4
1 Orthodontic Posgraduate Program, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia, 2 Orthodontic Private Practice, Cartagena, Colombia , 3 Orthodontic Posgraduate Program, GIONORTO Research Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia, 4 Maxillary Orthopedic Posgraduate Program, Orthodontic Posgraduate Program, GIONORTO Research Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Correspondence Address:
Prof. Diana María Barbosa-Liz
Faculty of Dentistry. University of Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Abstract:
The use of miniscrews (MSs) as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontics has gained increased attention among researchers in recent years. However, these screws are usually used in permanent dentition. This case report discusses a patient for which an MS was used. An 11-year-old male with mixed dentition presented an ectopic eruption in his mandibular right canine had ectopic eruption. This altered pattern of eruption was corrected using surgical exposure and orthodontic traction with an elastic chain, assisted by a 2 mm × 10 mm interradicular MS placed between the patient's first and second lower deciduous molars. After 5 months with this traction, the patient's right lower cuspid ectopic guide was corrected. This use of an interradicular MS in mixed dentition was found to be both useful and safe.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_8_21
How to cite this article: Vergara-Villareal P, Del Castillo KH, Ramírez-Ossa DM, Barbosa-Liz DM. An innovative therapeutic alternative for correcting the direction of eruption of a lower mandibular cuspid: A mixed dentition case report. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:79-84.
Review Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 72-78
Fast track orthodontics: A review on methods of accelerating orthodontic treatment
Vaibhav R Ambashikar, Suresh K Kangane, S Anand Ambekar, Yatishkumar S Joshi
Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Vaibhav R Ambashikar
7, Department of Orthodontics, PG Section, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Ambajogai Road, Vishwanathpuram, Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:
Orthodontic treatment is, possibly, in terms of duration extent, the lengthiest dental procedure performed. There will be an increased favorable attitude for orthodontic treatment if the duration of the orthodontic treatment is reduced. Unfortunately, long-term orthodontic treatment also poses several disadvantages like a higher predisposition to dental caries, gingival recession, and root resorption. Quickening orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), i.e., accelerating, can remarkably decrease treatment time and side effects. Orthodontic treatment comprises the response of the tissues surrounding the tooth on which the force is being applied that happens on a cellular, mechanical level, and chemical. So, to improve the body's response to these orthodontic forces, various ways were found to accelerate the treatment, such as surgical methods (corticotomy, piezosurgery, etc.), mechanical/physical stimulation methods (vibration, lasers), drugs, etc., Hence, this review captures the current knowledge on accelerated OTM.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_4_21
How to cite this article: Ambashikar VR, Kangane SK, Ambekar SA, Joshi YS. Fast track orthodontics: A review on methods of accelerating orthodontic treatment. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:72-8.
Review Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 64-71
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 viral infection and orofacial clefts: A review on patient care during and after COVID-19 pandemic
Smarika Pravinprakash Jain1, Pavankumar Vibhute1, Chetan Patil1, Vinay Umale1, Balaji Kendre1, Pankaj Akhare2
1 Department of Orthodontics, Yogita Dental College, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Smarika Pravinprakash Jain
Department of Orthodontics, Yogita Dental College, Khed, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Abstract:
To summarize the details on severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) viral infection and the effects of this infection on care of patients with orofacial clefts and provision of guidelines for orofacial cleft surgeries during Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by using recent available literature. PubMed and Google Scholar and current reports from major health bodies such as the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, and major national associations of cleft lip and palate were searched for information which is relevant from orthodontic care for orofacial cleft point of view. Major priority is given to recent articles and peer-reviewed articles. Narration is done due to limitations in the quality of evidence and rapidly evolving information on the nature of COVID-19. Major relevance to the dental field is human-to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. People who are infected mostly show mild symptoms, but patients with advanced age or any underlying disease or comorbidity may show severe multiorgan complications. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to maintain social distancing and minimize direct contact. Most clinics and hospitals have determined that multidisciplinary visits, feeding, and speech-language evaluations are largely nonessential and can tolerate a delay. A specific plan with good foundation should be followed for emergency orthodontic care with effective communication and triage.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_42_20
How to cite this article: Jain SP, Vibhute P, Patil C, Umale V, Kendre B, Akhare P. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 viral infection and orofacial clefts: A review on patient care during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:64-71.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 51-57
A Content Analysis of “Ultra morphology, Surface Roughness of Enamel, and Clinical Manifestations on Dental Health after Various Enamel Stripping, Polishing, and Poststripping Enamel Protection Methods”
Shitanshu Tiwari, Purva Joneja, Deepak Singh Choudhary
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Shitanshu Tiwari
H.No. 37, Shiva Royal Park, Sallaiya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract:
Background:
The purpose of the study is to qualitatively evaluate the ultramorphology, surface roughness, and clinical manifestations on dental health after various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods which were followed by various researchers to sum up the more pragmatic and less pragmatic results through the research methodology of content analysis.
Objectives:
To qualitatively and inductively evaluate various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods on ultramorphology and enamel surface roughness along with its clinical effects on dental health after thorough content analysis to provide a sound knowledge to the clinician to justify their decisions related to interproximal reduction (IPR), to make it an extremely useful space gaining tool if used with due caution.
Materials and Methods:
A comprehensive search of articles related to this study was collected from the past 25 years and a conceptual type of content analysis of all the selected articles was done. Inferences obtained through the analysis of the documented research data were then summed up in tabular form.
Results:
The results summated to the very important fact that all stripping methods microscopically leave a roughened enamel surface but clinically have no deleterious effects on dental health if performed judiciously followed by appropriate polishing and postpolishing protection methods.
Conclusion:
It can be determined that IPR should be carried out with greatest caution when using coarser stripping devices followed by prolonged polishing, but cautious use of finer stripping devices could be a better choice along with suitable polishing and protection methods.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_7_21
How to cite this article: Tiwari S, Joneja P, Choudhary DS. A Content Analysis of “Ultra morphology, Surface Roughness of Enamel, and Clinical Manifestations on Dental Health after Various Enamel Stripping, Polishing, and Poststripping Enamel Protection Methods”. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:51-7.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 2 | Page : 58-63
A novel diagnostic tool for sagittal jaw relationship: The P angle
Pavankumar Ramsharan Singh, Anand S Ambekar, Suresh K Kangane
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Pavankumar Ramsharan Singh
7, PG Section, Department of Orthodontics, Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Dental College, Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:
Aim:
To introduce a new cephalometric measurement called P-angle using three skeletal landmarks&#s8212;point S, point Gn, and point A, to evaluate the sagittal relationship between the maxilla and mandible.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 130 pretreatment lateral cephalograms were selected and segregated into skeletal Class I, II, and III groups based on W-angle and ANB angle. It included 50 Class I (25 males and 25 females), 50 Class II (25 males and 25 females), and 30 Class III (13 males and 17 females) skeletal pattern patients. The P angle was formed between the line from point A perpendicular to the S-Gn line and line A-Gn. The P-angle and W-angle were measured in each patient. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software 24.0 version IBM USA. The mean and standard deviation of P-angle and W-angle was calculated and were compared using an unpaired t-test.
Results:
The unpaired t-test results showed that there is no significant difference between P-angle and W-angle in Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal pattern.
Conclusion:
P-angle can be used as an adjunct for W-angle during pretreatment cephalometric tracing.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_6_21
How to cite this article: Singh PR, Ambekar AS, Kangane SK. A novel diagnostic tool for sagittal jaw relationship: The P angle. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:58-63.
Case Report
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 131-134
Talon cusp management: Esthetic and occlusal balance
Deepak Chauhan1, Sanjeev Datana2, Prasun Mukhopadhyay1
1 Army Dental Corps, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Dental Surgery and Oral Health Sciences, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Deepak Chauhan
MDS (Orthodontics), Army Dental Corps, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract:
This report presents a case of talon cusp affecting the maxillary right upper central incisor. This developmental dental anomaly varies in frequency from 1% to 6% of the total population. Its occurrence affects the esthetics, occlusal harmony, leads to irritation of soft tissues and increased susceptibility to dental caries. The difficulties in the identification and scientific management are always a challenge for the orthodontist and general dentist. As it causes traumatic bite and occlusal imbalance, along with orthodontic treatment cusp reduction is always necessary. This case report allows comprehensive and conventional treatment approach for talon's cusp in a stepwise planned manner by conserving the vitality of the pulp, achieving maximum esthetic and occlusal balance along with avoiding patient discomfort.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_13_21
How to cite this article: Chauhan D, Datana S, Mukhopadhyay P. Talon cusp management: Esthetic and occlusal balance. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:131-4.
Review Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 126-130
Canine impaction: Diagnosis and management
Namrata V Shehare, Suchita Tarvade, Harsha J Kaurani
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, C.S.M.S.S. Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Namrata V Shehare
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, C.S.M.S.S. Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:
The position of the permanent canine at the angle of the mouth is strategically significant in maintaining the harmony and symmetry of the occlusal relationship. However, the canine is the second most frequently impacted tooth, with prevalence reported to be between 1% and 2%. This article reviews the etiology and management of the ectopic canine. The management options are detailed, and the indications for each treatment modality based on the available scientific evidence are presented. Awareness of the eruption process, etiological factors of erupting canine will help to reduce the incidence of impacted canines by allowing for the early recognition and interceptive treatment.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_5_21
How to cite this article: Shehare NV, Tarvade S, Kaurani HJ. Canine impaction: Diagnosis and management. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:126-30.
Review Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 121-125
Forces generated with the use of intrusion arches in orthodontics – A review of literature
Stuti Raj1, Pratik Chandra2, Ragni Tandon2, Nikhil Asok3, Abhimanyu Vikram Singh4
1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Bhojia Dental College, Buddh, Baddi, (Affiliated from- Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla) Himachal Pradesh, India, 2 Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3 Consultant orthodontist, Millennium Dental Clinic, Thrissur, Kerala, India, 4 Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Babu Banarsi Das Dental College and University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Stuti Raj
Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Bhojia Dental College, Buddh, Baddi, (Affiliated from Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla) Himachal Pradesh, India.
Abstract:
In routine orthodontic practice, Class II malocclusions are the most customary treated cases. The cardinal objective and radical challenge of Class II treatment is the correction of deep overbite. Correction of deep overbite should be carried out prior to retraction of teeth. Various treatment protocols are used for correction of deep overbite, in which intrusion arches are more elementary to use for correcting deep bite by true intrusion or by pseudo-intrusion. This review paper contains various intrusion arches and related studies along with the key functions which are sketched out in the form of table. Individual forces produced by intrusion arches on teeth for all tooth movements are also categorized and tabulated.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_17_21
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 115-120
Evaluation of skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following twin block appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography: A clinical prospective study
V Ganesh Shetty, K Nillan Shetty
Department of Orthodontics, A. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. V Ganesh Shetty
M. G. Road, Mudigere, Chickamagular - 577 132, Karnataka, India.
Aim and Objectives:
This study aims to evaluate the skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angles changes following twin block (TB) functional appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Methodology:
Fifteen patients with skeletal Class II, growing of 9–14 years of age with mandibular retrognathism, were treated with TB functional appliance treatment. Pretreatment CBCT and posttreatment CBCT were taken (T0) before treatment and (T1) at the end of the 12 months following TB therapy. The data obtained are analyzed and compared for the skeletal changes in ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following therapy. Student's paired t-test was used compare the pre- and post-treatment periods.
Results:
The test results demonstrate that the Ramus height (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 1.23 mm in the ramus height between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and that the corpus length (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 3.35 mm in the corpus length between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and demonstrate that the mean gonial angle (degrees) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. This mean increase of 3.18° in the gonial angle between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001.
Conclusion:
TB appliance therapy increases the ramus height, and corpus length stimulating the growth of condyle in backward and upward direction and increases the gonial angle by backward rotation of mandible.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_3_21
How to cite this article: Shetty VG, Shetty KN. Evaluation of skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following twin block appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography: A clinical prospective study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:115-20.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 108-114
Clinical comparison of pain: Self-ligating versus conventional fixed orthodontic appliance systems
Sukhbir Singh Chopra, Ashish Kamboj
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, MUHS, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Prof. Sukhbir Singh Chopra, MUHS, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Abstract:
Background:
Orthodontic treatment is always taken as a painful procedure. Pain from orthodontic treatment has been shown to have negative effects on oral hygiene efforts and to be a major reason for missing appointments.
Materials and Methods:
Thirty consecutive eligible patients were alternated between two groups. Group I individuals were bonded with 0.022-inch preadjusted edgewise brackets. Group II individuals were bonded with self-ligating brackets. At the end of the first appointment, the patients were given printed sheets to record visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Discomfort was assessed again at the first wire change as to whether one side was more or less comfortable when untied and when the new wire was ligated.
Results:
The minimum VAS score recorded was 0 and the maximum VAS score recorded in Group I was 5 and in Group II 6. The pain characteristic “while biting” was most commonly reported; none reported shooting pain.
Conclusion:
Engagement of archwire with both conventional ligating and self-ligating brackets causes pain, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. After placement of the second archwire, more number of patients in SLB Group reported no pain, the measure mean intensity of pain was higher in conventional ligating group as compared to SLB Group; however, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. The intensity of pain did not show any specific peaks. Patients rated disengagement of archwire as being not painful in both groups in the present study.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_9_21
How to cite this article: Chopra SS, Kamboj A. Clinical comparison of pain: Self-ligating versus conventional fixed orthodontic appliance systems. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:108-14.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 103-107
Correlation of soft palate shape with skeletal malocclusion
Harsha J Kaurani, Tarvade (Daokar) Suchita
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Chatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Harsha J Kaurani
Chatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:
Introduction:
Soft palate is a fibromuscular organ essential for phonation, deglutition, respiration, and velopharyngeal competence. It exists in various shapes including rat tail type, leaf type, butt type, straight line, crooked type, and S shaped. There have been studies in the literature that has compared the morphological variation of soft palate in genders and subjects of different age groups. However, the literature is limited regarding the correlation of soft palate shape with different skeletal patterns. Hence, this study was undertaken.
Aims:
To study various shape of soft palate on lateral cephalogram in patients with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions.
Settings and Design:
A retrospective study.
Subjects and Methods:
Total 90 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I (30), Class II (30), and Class III (30) were classified on the basis of W angle into skeletal pattern as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Their soft palates were traced and compared for the shape variation.
Statistical Analysis Used:
Pearson's Chi-square test.
Results:
The result showed that crooked shape soft palate is more frequent type among the population. In skeletal Class I malocclusion, crooked was most frequent shape of palate followed by leaf shape. In skeletal Class II malocclusion, crooked was most common followed by rat tail type and in Class III malocclusion, butt shape was most common followed by leaf type.
Conclusions:
Significant correlation exists between the variants of soft palate and skeletal malocclusion
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_1_21
How to cite this article: Kaurani HJ, Suchita T. Correlation of soft palate shape with skeletal malocclusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:103-7.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 98-102
Evaluation and comparison of mechanical properties between commercially available mini-implants: An in vitro study
Alok Singh1, Monika Rathore2, Somya Govil2, Vinay Umale1, Rohit Kulshrestha3, Raahat Vikrm Singh4
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Yogita Dental College, Khed, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India, 2 1Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Babu Banarsi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 4 Consulting Orthodontist, Private Practice, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rohit Kulshrestha
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of different commercial brands of mini-implants by subjecting them to loads perpendicular to their long axis.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 120 mini-implants were divided into six groups (n = 20): Group 1A - 20 stainless steel (SS) mini-implants (SK Orthodontics, India), Group 1B - 20 SS mini-implants (BK Orthodontics, India), Group 1C - 20 SS mini-implants (JSV Surgicals, India), Group 2A - 20 titanium mini-implants (Koden surgical, India), Group 2B - 20 Titanium mini-implants (JSV Orthodontics, India), and Group 2C - 20 titanium mini-implants (Dentos, Korea) were used. The mini-implants were placed perpendicularly into 12 acrylic blocks and were submitted to mechanical tests using a standard universal testing machine (ACME, India. Model no. UNIT TEST-10). The different forces required to fracture mini-implants after undergoing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm deformation was assessed.
Results:
Mini-implants in Group 2C (Titanium Dentos Korea) required the greatest force to deform and fracture, whereas Group 1C (JSV Surgicals, India) had the lowest fracture force. Statistically significant differences were seen when an intragroup comparison was done. Statistically significant differences were seen in the comparison between the SS and titanium groups (P < 0.05). The SS group required lower forces to deform and fracture as compared to the titanium group.
Conclusions:
SS mini-implants exhibited a high degree of resistance to deform and fracture, but they were inferior compared with titanium mini-implants. Titanium mini-implants required higher force values to deform and fracture.
Source of Support: None
Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_18_21
How to cite this article: Singh A, Rathore M, Govil S, Umale V, Kulshrestha R, Singh RV. Evaluation and comparison of mechanical properties between commercially available mini-implants: An in vitro study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:98-102.
Original Article
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 91-97
Evaluation of stress distribution in maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after Class III intermaxillary traction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study
Wasundhara A Bhad, Anil S Dhage, Nikita Ravindra Baheti, Santosh J Chavan, Niyati Sunil Mehta
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Nikita Ravindra Baheti
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Medical Square, Nagpur - 440 003, Maharashtra, India.
Abstarct:
Aim:
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the stress distribution on maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after application of Class III intermaxillary anteroposterior orthopedic forces of 150, 250, and 400 gas applied to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the young human dry skull.
Methods:
A 3D finite element model was developed from the computed tomography images of a growing boy (age, 13 years). ANSYS (version 16.0) software used to simulate Class III force of progressively increasing intensity over maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa to quantify the biomechanical reaction with two components, direction and stress.
Results:
We quantified detailed changes in the maxillofacial sutures, dentition, mandible, and glenoid fossa with bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) to analyze their effects.
Conclusions:
As the force increases from 150, 250 to 400 g, stresses are increased on all structures associated except maxillary central incisor which show a decrease in the stresses. Although forces were for maxillary protraction, stress generated at the circummaxillary sutures was minimal. As with any other Class III force, stresses were distributed on whole of condyle, capsular ligament, and minimal at glenoid fossa. This suggests that BAMP has more of mandibular restraining effect.
Source of Support:
None,
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_21
How to cite this article: Bhad WA, Dhage AS, Baheti NR, Chavan SJ, Mehta NS. Evaluation of stress distribution in maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after Class III intermaxillary traction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:91-7.
Short Communication
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 186-188
Parametric sparse representation-Three dimensional recording for maxillo-mandibular malformations
Yatishkumar S Joshi1, Azhar Mohammed2, Anand S Ambekar1
1 Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE, Deralakatte, Karnataka, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Yatishkumar S Joshi
Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Abstract:
Complex malformations manifest in jaws which pose a challenge to diagnose the malocclusion for its management. A thorough three-dimensional assessment of the dentofacial skeleton is necessary to identify the underlying malocclusion. Although there are numerous methods to investigate the same, recording in a way to easily register, communicate and replicate is not much worked upon. This article tries to introduce a simple tool to record maxillamandibular malformations.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_20_21
Joshi Y, Mohammed A, Ambekar AS. Parametric sparse representation‐Three dimensional recording for maxillo‐mandibular malformations. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:186-8.
Case Report
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 164-166
Reverse-M-Zadake spring – A novel design for the management of root divergence
Sujit Navnath Zadake, Yatishkumar Joshi, Suresh Kangane, Anand Ambekar
Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Sujit Navnath Zadake, Vaishnav Sadan Babanagar Kallam, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract
The main reason to seek Orthodontic treatment is esthetics. Black triangles after lower incisor extraction are one of the commonly occurring malocclusion which causes esthetic compromises. Relapse is unavoidable while treating such cases. This relapse can be controlled only when there is translatory root movement in the mesial direction. Very little literature is available for the correction of black triangles. In this article, a spring is fabricated by using 0.018 A J Wilcock stainless steel special plus wire containing three helices. This Trihelical spring is a simple, effective, esthetic, and biologically compatible device with excellent root control for the treatment of root divergence.
Source of Support:
None
Conflict of Interest:
None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_23_21
How to cite this article: Zadake SN, Joshi Y, Kangane S, Ambekar A. Reverse‐M‐Zadake spring – A novel design for the management of root divergence. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:164-6.
Case Report
Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 157-163
Anterior maxillary and mandibular subapical osteotomy for correction of bimaxillary protrusion
Nilesh Mote1, Jyoti Rajbhar1, Aditya Prakash Pawar1, Anchin Goyal1, Anuj Dadhich2
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Anchin Goyal
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract
Bimaxillary protrusion (BP) is one of the most prevalent dentofacial deformities in the Asian population. Facial esthetics is the primary concern of these patients. Typical orthodontic treatment includes retraction of maxillary and mandibular incisors after extraction of the four first premolars, but this might not yield desired esthetic changes in the patient. Thus, orthognathic surgery such as anterior subapical osteotomies and extraction of premolars can be looked upon as an option to correct sagittal excess of the jaw bones and associated dental anomalies. This case report describes the treatment of a middle-aged woman with complaints of lip protrusion and unfavorable esthetics due to present malocclusion with the help of anterior maxillary and mandibular osteotomy procedure which provides a stable and viable treatment option for desired esthetic results.
Source of Support: None,
Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_14_21
How to cite this article: Mote N, Rajbhar J, Pawar AP, Goyal A, Dadhich A. Anterior maxillary and mandibular subapical osteotomy for correction of bimaxillary protrusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:157-63.