Original Article

Year : 2016 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 4 | Page : 130-134

Craniofacial anthropometric measurements of adult Indians in Angles Class I malocclusion

SA Shinde, RB Sable, AS Patil

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

S A Shinde

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Context:

The study was done on Adult Indians ranging from an age group of 18-25 years inhibiting Angles Class I malocclusion.

Aims:

The objective of the study was to establish the craniofacial anthropometric norms for the young adult (18-28 years) Indians.

Subjects and Methods:

The study group consisted of 150 healthy volunteers with equal number of male and female subjects who had no history of mixed racial parentage. Twenty-one linear measurements were studied from 28 landmarks over six craniofacial regions by two different operators.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Sample t-test was used to study the significance of the difference of each average level of all craniofacial parameters between male and female groups. Chi-square test was used to study the statistical significance of difference of the craniofacial indices between males and females.

Results:

The minimum measurements were contributed by female subjects in most of the craniofacial parameters, except for the eye fissure height (ps-pi) and nose prominence (sn-prn). There is a gender difference in all the measurements except the eye fissure width and nose prominence (independent t-test; P < 0.05). The Indians exhibit some North American White Caucasians (NAWC) features in all regions.

Conclusions:

This study establishes the craniofacial anthropometric norms of the Indians over 21 parameters. Males, in general, have a significantly higher measurement than females in most of the craniofacial parameters. The Indians do exhibit some NAWC like features.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.197459

How to cite this article: Shinde SA, Sable RB, Patil AS. Craniofacial anthropometric measurements of adult Indians in Angles Class I malocclusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2016;7:130-4.

Original Article

Year : 2016 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 4 | Page : 124-129

Evaluation of influence of altered lower vertical proportions in the perception of facial attractiveness

J Soni1, TR Shyagali2, N Kulkarni3, D Bhayya4

1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Ahmedabad Dental College, Ahmedabad, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, 3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, K. M. Shah Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
4 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:

T R Shyagali

Staff Quarter, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital Campus, Dumna Road, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract:

Objective:

The study aimed to evaluate the perception of facial attractiveness by the laypersons and the orthodontist using a series of silhouettes of varying lower facial vertical proportion.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-three orthodontists and 63 laypersons judged the attractiveness of the series of seven silhouettes of the single person with the varying anterior lower facial height (LFH). The silhouettes were modified using the Corel software. The participants were asked to record their perception on a visual analog scale of 10 cm length. Independent t-test was performed to know the difference between the orthodontists and the laypersons, and the difference between female and male orthodontists and the lay persons.

Results:

Significant difference was noticed for different vertical height modifications. The master silhouette followed by the 2 mm decrease in the LFH followed by the 2 mm increase in the LFH was most preferred profiles by both the orthodontists and the laypersons. The modified silhouette with 6 mm increase or decrease was considered to be the most unattractive profile. There existed a significant difference between male and female laypersons for the lower face decreased by 4 mm and 6 mm silhouettes.

Conclusion:

The esthetic perception in relation to the vertical height by orthodontist and the laypersons in this particular population is similar, and the preferred profile is with average to the decreased LFH. It is recommended that the orthodontist keeps the LFH preference during the execution of the treatment.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.197454

How to cite this article: Soni J, Shyagali TR, Kulkarni N, Bhayya D. Evaluation of influence of altered lower vertical proportions in the perception of facial attractiveness. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2016;7:124-9.

Guest Editorial

Year : 2016 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 4 | Page : 121-123

Maxillary expansion and breathing function: Where we are now?

Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

Correspondence Address:

Rosamaria Fastuca

Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Fastuca R. Maxillary expansion and breathing function: Where we are now?. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2016;7:121-3

Fastuca R. Maxillary expansion and breathing function: Where we are now?. Int J Orthod Rehabil [serial online] 2016 [cited 2022 Mar 9];7:121-3. Available from: https://www.orthodrehab.org/text.asp?2016/7/4/121/197451

Since originally proposed by Angell[1]in 1860, the rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment has become a popular treatment to correct skeletal transverse maxillary discrepancy. However, the efficiency of such procedures was demonstrated only 100 years later[2],[3]following the advent of proper radiographical recordings.

According to the anatomical proximity between nasal cavity and hard palate, an orthopedic expansion of the former might occur as consequence of the RME treatment. This hypothesis has initially been investigated decades ago. In particular, earlier studies[4],[5]evaluated the advantages of RME treatment in improving nasal airflow in patients with nasal stenosis. It was later suggested that RME treatment triggers effects on nasal width[6],[7],[8]and volume.[9],[10],[11],[12],[13],[14]Indeed, some studies[15],[16]showed a reduction in nasal airway resistance after RME treatment. Consistently, a more recent investigation[17]reported up to 45% increase in nasal cross-sectional areas after expansion. In spite of this evidence, considering the V-shaped opening pattern of the midpalatal suture,[4],[5]the only purpose of increasing respiratory performance has been reported as not sufficient to indicate an RME treatment.[17]

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.197451

How to cite this article: Fastuca R. Maxillary expansion and breathing function: Where we are now?. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2016;7:121-3.

Guest Editorial

Year : 2016 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 4 | Page : 119-120

From the guillotine to the plastic re-evolution

Juan Pablo Gomez Arango

Department of Orthodontics, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia

Correspondence Address:

Juan Pablo Gomez Arango

Director of Biomechanics, Orthodontics Program, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia.

Abstract:

In the late 1760s, a beautiful preadolescent girl, Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna Von Habsburg-Lothringen, happily passed her afternoons playing in the gardens of the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, with her friend and music instructor, one Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, only 2 months younger than her, albeit already being a musical phenomenon. One evening, she was summoned by the governess of the imperial children and was informed of an uncanny decision, conceived by loving relatives, obviously without her consent. To her astonishment, due to a political arrangement, she was to be married by proxy to another child, a 15-year-old named Louis Auguste, whom she was to eventually meet a month after the ceremony. However, there was one serious problem to be resolved to materialize the plan; despite her beauty, Marie suffered from severe dental crowding. Under such urgency, the most renowned pundit was brought all the way from France to the palace and consulted for a solution to unexpected esthetic circumstances that threatened the political stability of Europe. The dentist, Pierre Laveran, had developed expertise in the use of Pierre Fauchard's "BANDEAU," published 40 years earlier in the treatise "Le Chirurgien Dentiste," for the alignment of crowded teeth. Thanks to Dr. Laveran and Fauchard's Bandeau, Maria and Louis were married 2 years later, eventually becoming the notorious Louis XVI, King of France and Navarre, and his faithful consort, Marie-Antoinette, whom in unfortunate circumstances would play a calamitous but pivotal role in one of the most critical episodes of modern history, the French Revolution

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.197448

How to cite this article: Arango JG. From the guillotine to the plastic re-evolution. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2016;7:119-20.

Short Communication

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 38-39

Fibre glass splint retainer with tongue-thrusting spikes

Shrikant Shrinivas Chitko1, Udita Hasmukh Mehta1, Neeraj Suresh Patil1, Veerendra V Kerudi1, Harshal Ashok Patil2

1 Department of Orthodontics, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India, 2 Private Orthodontic Practice, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Harshal Ashok Patil

Private Orthodontic Practice, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Tongue-thrusting is one of the most common habits seen in orthodontics. Complete elimination of the habit to prevent relapse is one of the challenges. Correction of tongue-thrusting habit is quite difficult, more so if the habit is ingrained. Here, we are introducing a retainer made of fiber glass with spikes for tongue-thrusting habit control incorporated in it.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200220

How to cite this article: Patel P, Shanthraj R, Garg N, Vallakati A. Skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with twin-block appliance. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:31-7.

Case Report

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 31-37

Skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with twin-block appliance

Pratik Patel, Ravi Shanthraj, Nekta Garg, Anisha Vallakati

Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Pratik Patel

Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

A 10-year-old female presented with a skeletal Class II relation with 7 mm of overjet, 40% overbite, and bilateral posterior lingual crossbite. Two-phase therapy was planned to correct Class II skeletal relation, overjet, overbite, and to achieve lip competency. Phase I therapy was done with twin-block appliance to advance the retrognathic mandible. Phase II therapy was accomplished with fixed appliance for arch coordination to correct minor displacement and to finalize occlusion. Posttreatment, skeletal Class I relation was achieved. Incisors' inclination was improved, and ideal overjet and overbite with bilateral class I molar relationship was achieved. As the mandible advanced, lip competency, facial convexity, and mentolabial sulcus improved.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200217

How to cite this article: Patel P, Shanthraj R, Garg N, Vallakati A. Skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with twin-block appliance. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:31-7.

Review Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 26-30

Acupressure therapy in orthodontics: A review

Abhimanyu Rohmetra, Ragni Tandon, Kamlesh Singh, Ankita Jaiswal

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:

Abhimanyu Rohmetra

Room No 6, Boys Hostel, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract:

Acupressure (acupuncture + pressure) is an alternative medicine technique derived from acupuncture. Here, physical pressure is applied to acupuncture points by the elbow, hand, or with various devices. There are literally thousands of acupressure points on the body. Many of the problems encountered in dental clinics can be curbed using these pressure techniques very easily and it is not an invasive process like acupuncture. The article provides a review of pressure techniques and its use (focusing on gaging, dental anxiety, and temporomandibular joint pain) in orthodontic as well as any other dental setup.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200222

How to cite this article: Rohmetra A, Tandon R, Singh K, Jaiswal A. Acupressure therapy in orthodontics: A review. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:26-30.

Original Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 19-25

Evaluation of psychological stress in orthodontic PG students in India

A Chacko, T Tikku, K Srivastava

Department of Orthodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:

K Srivastava

Department of Orthodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract:

Introduction:

Psychological stress is associated with many professions including dental surgery and is commonly encountered among BDS students, which later increases during post graduation (MDS). In this study we intended to identify the perceived sources and the extent of the psychological stress in the Orthodontic post-graduate students, and also evaluate the influence of different variables on overall stress and the effect of various stress relievers among the PG students.

Material and Method:

A questionnaire type of survey was conducted among 80 Orthodontic post graduate students (39 male and 41 female). A total of 22 factors were shortlisted for the questionnaire and were grouped under three broad categories as Personal, Curriculum Factors and Clinical Factors which were scored on a four point scale as 0- Not applicable, 1- Mild stress, 2–Moderate stress, 3–Severe stress.

Result:

The result showed that the majority of the PGs were definitely stressed, with females being more stressed than males, though the difference between two genders was statistically non-significant for most of the perceived sources of stress except for home sickness . In overall stress scores for different variables, the difference was statistically non-significant in all of them. Among the stress busters use of social media, alcohol and smoking were significantly associated with some of the student characteristics.

Conclusion:

The stress levels in PG curriculum definitely exist and the students should adopt proper stress busters to relieve the stress so as to work efficiently during their course.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200218

How to cite this article: Chacko A, Tikku T, Srivastava K. Evaluation of psychological stress in orthodontic PG students in India. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:19-25.

Original Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 11-18

Gingival biotype and its relation to incisors' inclination and dentopapillary complex: An in vivo study

Nekta Garg1, A Bhagyalakshmi1, N Raghunath1, BM Shivalinga1, BS Avinash2

1 Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College, Mysore, Karnataka, India, 2 Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College, Mysore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Nekta Garg

Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

Objectives:

To study the gingival biotype and its relation to maxillary and mandibular incisor inclination and its relation to dentopapillary complex.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 150 consecutive patients seeking orthodontic treatment at JSS Dental College, Mysore. Gingival biotype was assessed for maxillary and mandibular incisors using a digital vernier caliper. Maxillary and mandibular incisors' inclination and position were measured using cephalometric analysis. Parameters of dentopapillary complex were recorded from the dental casts.

Results:

The prevalence of thin gingival biotype was 42.66% for maxillary and 39.33% for mandibular incisors. A significant association was found between mandibular incisor inclination and thin gingival biotype, whereas there was no association between maxillary incisor inclination and gingival biotype. There was a significant correlation between gingival biotype and crown length, area of papilla, area of crown, and papilla length with P = 0.001 each.

Conclusion:

Mandibular incisor proclination is associated with thin gingival biotype, whereas no association is found in the maxilla. The correlation between gingival biotypes and dentopapillary complex is confirmed in this study. Evaluation of gingival biotype is of paramount importance during treatment planning for orthodontic patients.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200219

How to cite this article: Garg N, Bhagyalakshmi A, Raghunath N, Shivalinga BM, Avinash BS. Gingival biotype and its relation to incisors’ inclination and dentopapillary complex: An in vivo study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:11-8.

Original Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 1 | Page : 5-10

Evaluation of reliability of index of orthodontic treatment need for assessment of orthodontic treatment need

N Singh, D Bagga, R Sharma, R Singh

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India

Correspondence Address:

N Singh

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi - 110 002, India.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) for assessment of orthodontic treatment need.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 106 subjects of aged between 18 and 25 years with no history of orthodontic treatment were selected by the convenience sampling method from the nondental student population of institutions belonging to North Indian population. The expressed demand for orthodontic treatment by the subjects was assessed using questionnaire. The self-perception of the subjects about orthodontic treatment need was done using aesthetic component (AC) of IOTN. The need for orthodontic treatment was evaluated by the investigator using AC and dental health component (DHC) of IOTN and by a panel of orthodontists using subjective assessment of the patient's study models.

Results:

Orthodontic treatment need to be determined by the investigator using DHC of IOTN moderately correlated with the demand of orthodontic treatment by the subjects as assessed using subjects response to questionnaires (ρ = 0.627) and orthodontic treatment need to be determined by the opinion of the panel of orthodontists (ρ = 0.598).

Conclusion:

DHC of IOTN was found to be reliable for evaluating orthodontic treatment need.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/2349-5243.200224

How to cite this article: Singh N, Bagga D, Sharma R, Singh R. Evaluation of reliability of index of orthodontic treatment need for assessment of orthodontic treatment need. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:5-10.

Case Report

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 81-89

A modified three-piece base arch for en masse retraction and intrusion in a Class II Division 1 subdivision case

Dhaval Ranjitbhai Lekhadia, Gautham Hegde, K Sindhuja

Department of Orthodontics, AJIDS, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Dhaval Ranjitbhai Lekhadia

Department of Orthodontics, AJIDS, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 18-year-old male patient who presented with the prognathic maxilla, deep bite, low mandibular plane angle, and proclined incisors. Modified three-piece base arch was used for the intrusion and retraction of maxillary incisor. En masse retraction was achieved in 6 months. Reduced time for retraction was attributed to a single stage of retraction, unlike burrstone three-piece intrusion base arch where canines are individually retracted followed by retraction of incisors. A modified utility arch was used in lower arch followed by a continuous archwire technique. The case was finished using bite settling elastics on a continuous archwire. The step between canine and premolar was corrected in the finishing phase of treatment. The final treatment outcomes were satisfactory, and true intrusion was achieved with proper selection of biomechanics.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_6_17

How to cite this article: Lekhadia DR, Hegde G, Sindhuja K. A modified three-piece base arch for en masse retraction and intrusion in a Class II Division 1 subdivision case. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:81-9.

Case Report

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 78-80

Orthodontic management of a periodontally compromised patient

Madhukar Reddy Rachala, Kaladhar Reddy Aileni, Pitalla Naveen Kumar, Donthula Soujanya, Chinthakunta Reddy Prathima

Department of Orthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India

Correspondence Address:

Donthula Soujanya

Department of Orthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.

Abstract:

Today many adult patients with periodontal disease demonstrate malocclusions that compromise their esthetics and ability to maintain oral hygiene. With adequate combined orthodontic.periodontal treatment it is possible to correct malocclusion and re.establish a healthy and well-functioning dentition. However, while orthodontic treatment can realign periodontally affected teeth, esthetic appearance may be compromised by gingival recession due to alveolar bone dehiscences or fenestrations in combination with a thin gingival biotype. This article reports an interdisciplinary. (orthodontic and periodontic) approach for the treatment of a periodontally compromised patient with spacing in anterior dental region. Periodontal therapy, including periodontal plastic surgery to obtain root coverage as well as orthodontic treatment by means of a fixed appliance was used to achieve stable periodontal conditions and successful esthetic and functional final results.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_34_16

How to cite this article: Rachala MR, Aileni KR, Kumar PN, Soujanya D, Prathima CR. Orthodontic management of a periodontally compromised patient. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:78-80.

Case Report

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 74-77

Eagle syndrome: Orthodontist's perspective

K Sindhuja, Gautham Hegde, Rohan Rai, Abhinay Sorake, Naveen Suvarna

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences, NH-17, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

K Sindhuja

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences, NH-17, Kuntikana, Mangalore - 575 004, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

The objective of the article is to report a case of Eagle syndrome in an orthodontic patient. A 20-year-old patient reported to the Department of Orthodontics with a chief complaint of crowding in upper and lower teeth and difficulty in mouth opening. Detailed history and radiographs led to the diagnosis of elongated styloid process also termed as “Eagle syndrome.”

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_35_16

How to cite this article: Sindhuja K, Hegde G, Rai R, Sorake A, Suvarna N. Eagle syndrome: Orthodontist's perspective. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:74-7.

Review Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 67-73

Cone beam computed tomography: A newer avenue in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning

N Tilekar1, VD Swami2, AV Sabane2, SA Shinde3, RB Sable1
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

N Tilekar

2/A-11/28, New Ajanta Avenue Society, Kothrud, Pune - 411 038, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique has shown tremendous progress since its introduction in dentistry and reformed the efficiency and effectiveness of orthodontic care. There has been a great revolution from its use as a predominantly diagnostic tool to an imaging method now used for predicting treatment outcomes and planning treatment. The conventional imaging techniques are basically two-dimensional (2D) representations of 3D objects and hence, they have many limitations. Malocclusion results from discrepancies in three planes of space and hence, 2D imaging cannot be used to achieve ideal imaging goals in orthodontics. It is an excellent tool for diagnosis, treatment planning, patient management and education, improved treatment outcome, and patient satisfaction. A cone beam examination is recommended in the detection of assessing shape and growth of mandible, localization of impacted canines, evaluation of root resorption repair, for the placement of temporary anchorage device, airway analysis in growing patients with maxillary constriction treated with rapid palatal expansion, etc, This article provides a comprehensive and current review of key studies on the applications of CBCT in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_8_17

How to cite this article: Tilekar N, Swami VD, Sabane AV, Shinde SA, Sable RB. Cone beam computed tomography: A newer avenue in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:67-73.

Review Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 60-66

Biochemical markers as skeletal maturity indicators

T Tripathi, P Gupta, P Rai

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India

Correspondence Address:

T Tripathi

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, MAMC Complex, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi - 110 002, India.

Abstract:

Precise estimation of the stage of skeletal growth is essential for the formulation of accurate treatment planning and employing orthodontic intervention through functional orthopedic appliances for the shortest time possible yielding stable results. Along with clinical and radiological techniques, biochemical markers play an important role in the growth assessment for differential treatment application. Isolation and characterization of various systemic and local factors having a significant role in the growth process provided us the sight to tap their potential to be used as skeletal maturity indicators. Different methods for the assessment of biomarkers in use are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassays, and immunoradiometric assays. These methods of assessment of biochemical markers are noninvasive and when interpreted correctly give useful information. This article presents an overview of various biomarkers under research for predicting skeletal growth.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_37_16

How to cite this article: Tripathi T, Gupta P, Rai P. Biochemical markers as skeletal maturity indicators. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:60-6.

Review Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 57-59

“I don't look good” unexplored parameter of orthodontic treatment

Ankita Jaiswal, Ragni Tandon, Kamlesh Singh, Abhimanyu Rohmetra

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract:

Body image plays a significant role for patients seeking orthodontic treatment. But sometimes, some patients are preoccupied with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image) and are excessively concerned about it. They focus on physical defects that are unnoticeable by others and are suffering from a psychological (somatoform) disorder known as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Therefore, aware of the condition by orthodontists is essential as these are cases either with no deformity or is a most unsatisfied group. This article focuses on the identification of BDD, its etiology, symptoms, role in orthodontics and management.

Correspondence Address:

Abhimanyu Rohmetra

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_40_16

How to cite this article: Jaiswal A, Tandon R, Singh K, Rohmetra A. “I don't look good” unexplored parameter of orthodontic treatment. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:57-9.

Original Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 51-56

Comparison of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns in Kodava population

ABSTRACT

Background:

Finally, facial contours are determined by the soft tissues, and these can be altered by growth and orthodontic treatment. The position and the relationships among the facial structures can be affected by variation in thickness, length, and tonicity of soft tissues thereby affecting facial esthetics. Such variations between skeletal and soft tissues can cause a disassociation between the position of the underlying bony structures and the facial appearance that may shift treatment into the range of orthognathic and cosmetic surgery.

Aims:

This study was conducted to enumerate and compare soft tissue chin (STC) thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence pattern in Kodava population and to find the difference in STC thickness between men and women.

Materials and Methods:

A sample including eighty patients were stratified into four groups based on the divergence pattern defined by the mandibular plane (MP) to cranial base angle (MP/sella‐nasion [SN]; average = 32° ± 5°). Low (L) = MP/SN ≤27°; medium‐low (ML) = 27°<MP/SN ≤32°; medium‐high (MH) = 32° <MP/SN <37°; and high (H), MP/SN ≥37°. The STC thickness was measured at three different levels: Pogonion (Pog)‐Pog’, gnathion (Gn)‐Gn’, menton (Me)‐Me’. For statistical analysis Student’s t‐test, ANOVA were performed.

Results:

The STC thickness at Pog‐Pog’ and Me‐Me’ was the highest in ML followed by MH, low and was least in high. At Me‐Me’, the STC thickness was the highest in ML followed by low, MH and was least in high.

Conclusions:

STC thickness was greater in men than in women in all the groups except high mandibular divergence pattern.

Keywords: Hyperdivergent, Kodava, soft tissue chin thickness

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

DOI:

10.4103/ijor.ijor_38_16

How to cite this article: Somaiah S, Khan MU, Muddaiah S, Shetty B, Reddy G, Siddegowda R. Comparison of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns in Kodava population. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:51-6.

Original Article

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 2 | Page : 41-50

Cephalometric and computed tomography evaluation of dentoalveolar/soft-tissue change and alteration in condyle-glenoid fossa relationship using the PowerScope: A new fixed functional appliance for Class II correction –A clinical study

B Nishanth, Adusumilli Gopinath, Sameer Ahmed, Neelakantha Patil, K Srinivas, ASK Chaitanya

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

B Nishanth

Post Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AME’s Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

Background and Objectives:

Among various interarch appliances for the correction of Class II malocclusion, PowerScope is one of the latest appliances used in the clinical practice of orthodontics. This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficiency of PowerScope appliance by assessing skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft-tissue changes and condyle-glenoid fossa relationship after using the appliance. The null hypothesis of this research is that there is a significant difference between dentoalveolar and soft-tissue changes alone.

Methodology:

Ten patients of age between 11 and 16 years, 4 males and 6 females, who reported to the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, have been treated for Class II malocclusion (nonextraction) were selected for the study. Inclusion criteria included convex profile, retrognathic/deficient mandible, growing patient at least pubertal growth period, minimal crowding, and positive visual treatment objective. Exclusion criteria included patients with neuromuscular disease, temporomandibular joint problem, and skeletal open bite.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical analysis is performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

The study revealed the following findings. There are statistically significant changes in dentoalveolar and soft-tissue parameters after using PowerScope appliance. Statistical significant changes are seen in the anterior and posterior joint spaces relationship after using PowerScope appliance.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Thus, PowerScope was clinically efficient in the correction of Class II malocclusion in noncompliant patients. Although there were changes in the skeletal parameters, they are not statistically significant. Hence, based on this clinical study, we can conclude that the Class II correction with PowerScope occurred almost entirely by dentoalveolar movement.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_5_17

How to cite this article: Nishanth B, Gopinath A, Ahmed S, Patil N, SrinivasK, Chaitanya A. Cephalometric and computed tomography evaluation of dentoalveolar/soft-tissue change and alteration in condyle-glenoid fossa relationship using the PowerScope: A new fixed functional appliance for Class II correction –A clinical study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:41-50.

Clinical Innovation

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 3 | Page : 125-127

A simple and effective appliance for correction of bilateral molar scissor bite: “The M-shaped palatal arch”

Romina Mahomadali Kapadia

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

Correspondence Address:

Romina Mahomadali Kapadia

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, At and Po Pipariya, Taluka Waghodia, Vadodara - 391 760, Gujarat, India.

Abstract:

Molar scissor-bite is a common finding in orthodontics. Many times, it is found as a sole malocclusion in a patient. Alignment of such buccally erupted molars is a challenging task. This article describes an innovative appliance, “the M-shaped palatal arch” for successful correction of bilateral molar scissor-bite.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_16_17

How to cite this article: Kapadia RM. A simple and effective appliance for correction of bilateral molar scissor bite: “The M-shaped palatal arch”. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:125-7.

Short Communication

Year : 2017 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 3 | Page : 123-124

Complementary use of essix retainer

Suresh K Kangane, Yatishkumar S Joshi, Ganesh Omraj Dange

Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Ganesh Omraj Dange

Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Vishwanathpuram, Ambajogai Road, Latur, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Trauma leading to fracture of maxillary anteriors is a common finding in orthodontic patients with proclined upper anteriors. Retention is an integral part of orthodontic treatment. We hereby intend to provide a small modification in fabrication of the clear retainer which facilitates in the restoration of the fractured anterior tooth. Working models are made for maxillary and mandibular arches. Fracture tooth is buildup on the working model using acrylic to replicate the anatomy of the tooth. Thermoformed retainer is fabricated on these working models with built-up fractured. These can be used as a retainer followed by restoration. The thermoplastic retainer can be used as template for restoration of the fractured anterior tooth saving clinical time for buildup of teeth and reduces an appointment of the patient.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_2_17

How to cite this article: Kangane SK, Joshi YS, Dange GO. Complementary use of essix retainer. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8:123-4.