Journals SDC Journals SDC

Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 136-144

An update on orthodontic brackets – A review

Jeevan M Khatri, Swapnil Suresh Sawant, Nakul Rajendra Naidu, Snehal Sharad Vispute, Krutika Ajay Patankar

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha's Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Swapnil Suresh Sawant

Flat No. 6, A Wing, 2nd Floor, Sunetra Chs, Pandit Dindayal Road, Near Samrat Chowk, Vishnu Nagar, Dombivli (West), Thane - 421 202, Maharashtra, India

Abstract:

Orthodontics is been at great service to mankind. Orthodontics is a field that has been around since the early 18th century. Modern day orthodontists have generations of predecessors to learn their techniques. Technology used in orthodontic treatment continues to progress at an incredible pace. New discoveries and inventions have allowed orthodontists to bring better experiences to their patients with less of the hassle. If we want to continue providing fast, efficient, and effective treatment to our patients, we need to make sure that we stay up-to-date with changes in the field. Orthodontic brackets have evolved from Angle's era to the MBT brackets followed by lingual brackets. These brackets have made the life of the orthodontists much easier. As technology advances many more new materials and designs will be coming forward. The purpose of this article is to review the recent advancements in orthodontic brackets and how the science behind them helps the orthodontist in the day-to-day practice.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_13_20

How to cite this article: Khatri JM, Sawant SS, Naidu NR, Vispute SS, Patankar KA. An update on orthodontic brackets – A review. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:136-44.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 123-135

Influence of chronic congenital systemic disorder effects in orthodontic treatment

I Girish Kumar, N Raghunath, H Jyothikiran, S Ravi, S Pradeep

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. I Girish Kumar

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Bannimantap, SS Nagar, Mysore - 570 015, Karnataka, India

Abstract

The orthodontic treatment of patients with medical disorders is becoming an increasing aspect of modern‐day practice. Orthodontic treatment is no longer reserved for only healthy patients. With better management of serious medical problems, increased quality of life expectations, and greater ambulation, medically compromised individuals are now regular visitors to orthodontic practices. While orthodontic treatment has been historically considered to be completely noninvasive, specific orthodontic procedures may place some patients at risk for serious sequelae. Among the most common of these conditions are those associated with cardiovascular disease, bleeding disorder, respiratory disorder, neurological disorder, renal disease, musculoskeletal system, endocrine disorder, liver disease, allergies, and drug side effects. Aggressive risk assessment is the key factor in the identification and prevention of medically associated problems. Assessment and management of patients at risk for endocarditis, bleeding, and asthmatic attacks are discussed. The orthodontic treatment of patients with medical disorders is becoming an increasing aspect of modern‐day practice. The influences of various systemic diseases on orthodontic treatment have been discussed and various recommendations to overcome the potential problems have been highlighted in this article.

Keywords: Bleeding disorder, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorder, orthodontic treatment

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_20

How to cite this article: Kumar IG, Raghunath N, Jyothikiran H, Ravi S, Pradeep S. Influence of chronic congenital systemic disorder effects in orthodontic treatment. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:123-35.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 118-122

Patients' perception on mini-screws used for orthodontic treatment in Class II Malocclusion

Pawankumar Dnyandeo Tekale1, Sameer Madhukarrao Parhad1, Girish C Rathi1, Kapil K Fafat1, Rakesh Nathani1, Arun R Mhaske2, Dipak Baliram Patil3, Harshal Patil4

1 Department of Orthodontics, Dr. Rajesh Ramdasji Kambe Dental College and Hospital, Akola, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, DY Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 3 Department of Dentistry, BKL Walawalkar, Rural Medical College and Hospital, Chiplun, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India, 4 Private Practice, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Dipak Baliram Patil

Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, BKL Walawalkar, Rural Medical College and Hospital, Chiplun, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Introduction:

The aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate the perception of pain of mini-screws in the maxillary arch for anchorage control for retraction of maxillary anterior segment in conjunction with orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:

The sample consisted of fifty adult patients with a mean age of 24.5 years, with Class II malocclusion, and the patients were divided into two groups. In Group A, 0.022” McLaughlin, Bennett, and Trevisi Bracket System (MBT) was used in 25 patients as fixed orthodontic treatment and 0.016” nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) wire was placed for initial alignment, whereas in Group B, a total of fifty mini-screws were placed in 25 patients, one mini-screw on each side in the maxilla between the 2nd premolar and the 1st molar. The patients answered a questionnaire to assess their opinions on treatment.

Results:

The data of description of pain experienced in 24 h, 2nd day, and 7th day in Group A and Group B are enumerated. In Group A, the pain experienced in 24 h, 2nd day, and 7th day was 49.72 (36.22), 37.17 (35.32), and 17.34 (14.45) and in Group B, it was 24.72 (15.65), 13.32 (14.34), and 12.45 (11.60), respectively. The questionnaire set was completed for functional aspect evaluation. The descriptive data of visual analog scale were presented. During this study, patient had difficulty in eating, food sticking around implant, and interference during tooth brushing was moderate, but there was no any anaesthetic appearance and disturbance in chewing ability was noted.

Statistical Analysis:

The nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were performed to evaluate the differences between the groups for pain. The Chi-square test was used to determine differences between the procedures. Differences at P < 0.01 were considered statistically significant. Statistical software, namely, SAS 9.0 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA), the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and Systat 11.0 (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), were used for the analysis of data.

Conclusion:

The present study stated that the pain experience after mini-screw insertion is significantly low. The peak of the pain and discomfort level was recorded 4 h to 24 h following the insertion. Thus, mini-screws were found to be an acceptable option in providing orthodontic treatment

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_18_20

How to cite this article: Tekale PD, Parhad SM, Rathi GC, Fafat KK, Nathani R, Mhaske AR, et al. Patients' perception on mini-screws used for orthodontic treatment in Class II Malocclusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:118-22.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 112-117

Change in the examination pattern in 1st year MDS- boon or bane: A Survey

Shivani Khandelwal, Shweta Kolhe, Amol Verulkar, Twinkle Bajaj, Niyati Potode, Poorwa Pakhale

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, VYWS, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Shivani Khandelwal

House No. 1, Rachana Apartment, Camp Road, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Introduction:

Pursuant to the notification published by Dental Council of India, dated May 17, 2018, no. DE-14-MDS-2018/2131, the committee amended the regulation on postgraduated MDS student and made provision of giving MDS – paper I (basic science paper) at the end of 1st year. Assessment of this survey will provide clear information regarding the response of postgraduate students and teachers. The aim of this article is to report and discuss the characteristics of new-learning processes.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 400 sample sizes were included, i.e., 300 postgraduate students and 100 postgraduate teachers. Questions were generated using Google form to gain access an establish rapport with participants and to obtain open, honest understanding of the participants “learning experience.” The link was sent to the participants using E-mails or Whatsapp number.

Results:

Analysis of survey data was done using the Likert scale. Comparison of responses was done using the Chi-square test. [Graph 1], [Graph 2], [Graph 3], [Graph 4], [Graph 5], [Graph 6], [Graph 7], [Graph 8], [Graph 9], [Graph 10] provide responses of participants.

Conclusion:

Postgraduate students and PG teachers are neutral toward the initial protocol of examination. Participants have positive attitude toward new framework. However, curriculum activity such as library dissertation, dissertation selection, and patient work get disturbed somewhere. It might take time for both students and guide to get familiar with new.

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_14_20

How to cite this article: Khandelwal S, Kolhe S, Verulkar A, Bajaj T, Potode N, Pakhale P. Change in the examination pattern in 1st year MDS- boon or bane: A Survey. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:112-7.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 106-111

Comparison of bonding characteristics of a newly introduced light cure adhesive system with conventional adhesive system

Anju Mary Philip, S Babukuttan Pillai, G Sreejith Kumar

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Anju Mary Philip

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Abstract:

Background and Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of newly introduced light cure adhesive system (eXact, TP Orthodontics) with respect to conventionally used adhesive system (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek) by comparing their shear bond strengths and Adhesive Remnant Index after subjecting to thermocycling.

Methods:

Thirty human maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups. Group I (Experimental Group) was bonded with adhesive system eXact and Group II (Control Group) with Transbond XT. After thermocycling, shear bond strengths and adhesive remnants index were compared using SPSS Software. Independent-t test was used to compare the shear bond strength values and Chi-Square Test to compare ARI scores.

Results:

The mean shear bond strength of the Group I and Group II were 9.60±1.41 MPa and 11.65± 2.07 MPa respectively. There was statistically significant difference between the two Groups (P < 0.05). The mean and (±SD) of ARI Scores of Group I and Group II were 2.80 ± 0.414 and 1.93 ± 0.594, respectively, which was statistically significant. The mean ARI score difference of the two adhesives were also statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The SBS of conventional light cure composite resin (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek) is comparatively higher than the new light-cure composite resin (eXact, TP Orthodontics); but eXact have SBS higher than the clinically acceptable values. ARI score value is higher for eXact as compared to Transbond XT.

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_11_20

How to cite this article: Philip AM, Pillai SB, Kumar GS. Comparison of bonding characteristics of a newly introduced light cure adhesive system with conventional adhesive system. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:106-11.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 101-105

Evaluation of awareness and knowledge of orthodontic extraction pattern in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment among the patient's guardian, general dentist, and oral surgeons: A survey in Central India

Twinkle D Bajaj, Poorwa B Pakhale, Amol A Verulkar, Ratnadip A Lohakpure, Niyati B Potode, Shivani S Khandelwal

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, VYWS, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Poorwa B Pakhale

Near Camp D-Mart, Suyog Colony, Shirish Apartment, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Introduction:

Extractions in orthodontics remain a relatively controversial concept still today. The present study was conducted to elucidate and evaluate the awareness and knowledge among the patient's guardian, oral surgeons, and general dentists on orthodontic extraction pattern being followed in the central parts of India.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among the patient's guardian, oral surgeons, and general dentists in central parts of India through an e-survey using Google Forms. The sample size was 500 and e-mails were sent to 850 members through Google Form. Questionnaire was distributed and responses were evaluated. The online recorded information was converted into codes and analyzed. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics and expressed in the form of frequency and percentages.

Results:

Most of the responses by patient's guardian, dentist, and oral surgeon are for extracting teeth simultaneously on the same side per jaw and follow it accordingly, and also important finding of responses is for extracting teeth after starting orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion:

It was observed that most of the general dentists and oral surgeons agree with the cordial concept of extracting teeth simultaneously on the same side per jaw and follow it accordingly. It was observed to be comfortable for the patients in extracting teeth in two appointments as per the pain bearing capacity and convenience.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_12_20

How to cite this article: Bajaj TD, Pakhale PB, Verulkar AA, Lohakpure RA, Potode NB, Khandelwal SS. Evaluation of awareness and knowledge of orthodontic extraction pattern in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment among the patient's guardian, general dentist, and oral surgeons: A survey in Central India. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:101-5.

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original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 3 | Page : 93-100

Cephalometric comparison of treatment effects of Twin block and Bionator appliance with an untreated Class II sample

Santosh Jetu Chavan, Wasundhara Ashok Bhad, Niyati Sunil Mehta

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Medical Square, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Santosh Jetu Chavan

101, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Medical Square, Nagpur - 440 003, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Objective:

Skeletal class II malocclusion is commonly seen in the Indian clinical scenario among the growing population. In the background of newer functional appliances in recent times, Twin block and Bionator still remain widely used in clinical practice. Thus, a prospective clinical trial was designed to study various skeletal and dental effects of these appliances, as well as changes that occur in the control population.

Materials and Methods:

A sample size of 30 growing individuals with an age range of 9–14 years, showing class II division 1 malocclusion were selected. They were divided into three groups of 10 patients each, of which 10 were controls and 10 patients each for twin block and bionator groups. The average treatment duration was 6 months. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after the treatment with functional appliances, and selected parameters were compared.

Results:

There were considerable skeletal and dental changes brought about by both the appliances when compared with controls, however, there were no significant differences in changes brought about by both the appliances when compared with each other.

Conclusion:

Both Twin block and Bionator appliances can be effectively used for the correction of skeletal class II malocclusion in growing individuals.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_19_20

How to cite this article: Chavan SJ, Bhad WA, Mehta NS. Cephalometric comparison of treatment effects of Twin block and Bionator appliance with an untreated Class II sample. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:93-100.

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Clinical Innovation

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 199-202

A Novel appliance for the correction of scissor bite

Tarulatha Revanappa Shyagali, Akashdeep Singh Bal

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Tarulatha Revanappa Shyagali

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract:

The transverse discrepancies of the occlusion are the common problems that are encountered in routine orthodontic practice. The most cited dental transverse discrepancies are the crossbite and scissor bite. Scissor bite is one of the toughest malocclusion to correct, and the appliances available for the effective correction are limited. one of the cause for scissor bite can be the expanded maxillary arch. The current manuscript demonstrates the effective correction of the expanded maxillary arch using the new TAS appliance. TAS appliance is an acronym for the authors (T-Tarulatha, A-Akashdeep, and S-Shyagali). The appliance construction is based on the sound biomechanical principles as well. The force was applied from the lingual side, and the applied force was nearer to the center of resistance of all the posterior teeth. Thus, the appliance produced less tipping of the molars. Unlike earlier mechanics used for the correction of scissor bite, the current appliance is not dependent on patient compliance, does not require archwire modification or the invasive procedure such as placement of mini implants or surgical intervention. The novel design of TAS appliance can help the clinician to correct the stubborn transverse discrepancy in an effective manner.

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_30_20

How to cite this article: Shyagali TR, Bal AS. A Novel appliance for the correction of scissor bite. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:199-202.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 193-198

Ligation ties in orthodontics
Jeevan M Khatri, Snehal Sharad Vispute, Vijaymala D Kolhe, Swapnil Suresh Sawant, Ravisha Sanju Salve
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Snehal Sharad Vispute
Shree Building, Plot No. 8, Survey No. 179/1, Behind Hotel Nandadeep, Harsul “T” Point, Aurangabad - 431 001, Maharashtra
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_15_20

During fixed orthodontic treatment, ligation method refers to the means by which an archwire is held inside the bracket. It can also be used to move the tooth in a particular direction depending on the type of ligature used and its method of ligation. Ligation can be done using stainless steel ligatures or elastomeric modules, or more recently, ligation methods have been designed and built directly into the bracket. Metal or elastic ligatures are used for this purpose, and the way they are tied affects tooth movement. Because of their design, twin brackets can be tied in a large variety of ways. Knowing how to use all the bracket's resources makes for better and faster treatment results. Elastic ligature may be a substitute for the wire ligatures in most situations. In various treatment mechanics, ligation ties are modified to accomplish variable tooth movement or to maintain arch form integrity during finishing of an orthodontic case. This article will highlight different ligation methods used in different bracket systems and their indications as well.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 189-192

New normality among orthodontists amid pandemic COVID-19

Parijat Chakraborty, Pranshu Mathur, Ragni Tandon, Pratik Chandra, Richa Dhingra

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Parijat Chakraborty
MDS, Consultant Orthodontist Lucknow, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow - 227 105, Uttar Pradesh
India

Abstract:

The most recently found illness COVID-19 is a viral disease that started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The dental procedures consist of the use of aerosols when treating patients. Orthodontists, hence, must be aware of the available evidence and guidelines to create a safe environment for themselves, their patients, and the entire orthodontic team. The following literature includes various protocols, and ways out to deal with the pandemic situation, as well as describes the new normality to be accepted post pandemic in clinics as well as college departments.

Source of Support: None

Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_27_20

How to cite this article: Chakraborty P, Mathur P, Tandon R, Chandra P, Dhingra R. New normality among orthodontists amid pandemic COVID-19. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:189-92.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 180-188

Criteria for evaluation of finishing and detailing in orthodontics

Mahendra Kondle, Suresh Kangane, Anand Ambekar, Yatish Joshi

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Suresh Kangane
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra
India

Abstract:

Finishing is perhaps one of the most deceiving and difficult phases of orthodontic treatment. The finishing procedures are considered from the beginning stages of the treatment as a part of total scheme of treatment. The great deal of emphasis is placed on achieving perfect finishing and detailing of the orthodontic treatment, so that the results are pleasing to the eye and are more stable and conducive to improved function and health. Thus, the aim of this article is to provide comprehensive knowledge about different criteria about finishing and detailing in orthodontics.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_10_20

How to cite this article: Kondle M, Kangane S, Ambekar A, Joshi Y. Criteria for evaluation of finishing and detailing in orthodontics. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:180-8.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 175-179

Artificial intelligence and machine learning: The new paradigm in orthodontic practice

V Ganesh Shetty1, Rohan Rai2, K Nillan Shetty2

1 Consultant Orthodontist, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. V Ganesh Shetty

A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are powerful tools that can be utilized to overcome some of the clinical problems that orthodontists face daily. With the availability of more data, better AI and ML systems should be expected to be developed that will help orthodontists to practise more efficiently and improve the quality of care. AI is a subfield of computer science concerned with developing computers and programs that have the ability to perceive information and reason, and ultimately, convert that information into intelligent actions. The future may be purely digitized, at the comforts of our home, with orthodontists developing neural programs with orthodontic decision markers to aid in developing AI for patients to take less visits, make more use of their time using orthodontic appliances, and enhance the quality of work. This article will briefly discuss the contributions AI and ML in orthodontics, its history and various uses in orthodontics in specific, and the possibility of development.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_35_20

How to cite this article: Shetty VG, Rai R, Shetty KN. Artificial intelligence and machine learning: The new paradigm in orthodontic practice. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:175-9.

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Review Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 168-174

Tooth transplantation and orthodontic movements

Ariadna Colom1, Fernando De la Iglesia2, Alvaro De la Iglesia3, Ernest Lucas-Taulé3, Marc Llaquet4, Andreu Puigdollers5, Federico Hernandez-Alfaro6

1 Dentist, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
2 Professor Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
3 Dentist. International master of Oral Surgery. International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
4 Dentist. Master of Endodontics. International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
5 Chairman, Graduated Program, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
6 Chairman of International Master of Oral Surgery, International University of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Ariadna Colom

C/de Josep Trueta, 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.

Abstract:

Dental autotransplants have been performed successfully for many years, but little has been written about its relationship with orthodontics. This article is a review which analyses and highlights all the details about the orthodontic movement in autotransplanted teeth according to their root development. The inclusion criteria for the analysis were the following: human and animal model studies, retrospective and prospective clinical studies, case series, systematic reviews, any tooth type, minimum 20 transplants, languages of publication in Spanish and English, follow-up of at least 1 year, and publications between 1985 and 2017. After examining the titles and abstracts, 168 articles were evaluated, discarding those that were not within the inclusion criteria for agreement and relationship to the research topic.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_26_20

How to cite this article: Colom A, la Iglesia FD, la Iglesia AD, Lucas-Taulé E, Llaquet M, Puigdollers A, et al. Tooth transplantation and orthodontic movements. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:168-74.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 157-167

A correlative study to evaluate the effect of various skeletal and dentoalveolar parameters on smile esthetics in different malocclusion groups

Kanupriya Tarnach, Shruti Mittal, Prerna Hoogan Teja

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Swami Devi Dyal Dental Hospital and College, Panchkula, Haryana, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Kanupriya Tarnach

H No. 2106 First Floor, Sector 71 Mohali, Punjab, India

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_9_20

Introduction:

The smile is one of the most effective means by which people convey their emotions and from a social standpoint, it is viewed frontally more often than in profile. Smiles can be either posed or spontaneous. Peck and Peck classified smiles as Stages I and II, and Ackerman et al. classified smiles into two basic types: the social smile and the enjoyment smile. Each type involves a different anatomic presentation of the elements of the display zone. Smile characteristics are determined by the interplay of static and dynamic relationships between the dentoskeletal and soft-tissue components of the face. Hence, a study was planned to understand the influence of various skeletal and dentoalveolar parameters on smile esthetics in different malocclusion groups.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty subjects in the age range of 17–25 years were selected and skeletally divided into Groups I and II on the basis of beta angle, ANB angle, and Wits appraisal. Group II was further subdivided into two groups on the basis of Angle's classification of the malocclusion. Various skeletal and dental parameters were measured on cephalogram and smile measurements were made on facial photographs in Adobe Photoshop. Various statistical tests were applied for assessment and comparison of various skeletal and dentoalveolar parameters and their correlation with smile esthetics were in different malocclusion groups.

Results:

Upper lip length was maximum in Class II div 2 malocclusion patients and least in Class I malocclusion patients. It was maximum in horizontal growth pattern patients. It decreased with the increase in proclination of upper incisors. Maxillary incisal display at rest and smile was maximum in Class II div 1 malocclusion patients and least in Class II div 2 malocclusion patients. It was maximum in vertical growth pattern individuals. It increased with the increase in proclination of upper incisors. A similar tendency was shown by the Morley ratio and modified smile. Lip competency was maximum in Class II div 2 patients and minimum in Class II div 1 patients. It was maximum in horizontal growth pattern patients. Proclination of the incisors decreased the lip competency.

Conclusions:

Different skeletal patterns exhibit their characteristic smile features. Orthodontic treatment should be planned considering the correlation of skeletal and dental effects on smile esthetics.

How to cite this article: Tarnach K, Mittal S, Teja PH. A correlative study to evaluate the effect of various skeletal and dentoalveolar parameters on smile esthetics in different malocclusion groups. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:157-67.

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Original Article

Year : 2020 | Volume : 11 | Issue : 4 | Page : 151-156

Relationship between maxillary sinus findings, Schneiderian membrane thickness, and various skeletal malocclusions in a selected sample of ethnic Kashmiri population: A retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study

Abdul Baais Akhoon1, Mohammad Mushtaq1, Zubair Ahmad Akhoon2

1 Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College Srinagar, J and K, Skuast, Kashmir, India, 2 Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Fvsc and AH, Shuhama, Skuast, Kashmir, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Abdul Baais Akhoon

Government Dental College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Objective:

There are very limited studies which have investigated the relationship between maxillary sinus findings and skeletal malocclusion based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between the patients' skeletal malocclusion and the maxillary sinus findings in ethnic Kashmiri population.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 45 CBCT scans were examined and divided into three groups according to skeletal classification. Two experienced observers reviewed the CBCT images and recorded all maxillary sinus findings. The patients' skeletal malocclusion, the thickness of the Schneiderian membrane, and the pathologic maxillary sinus findings were evaluated.

Results:

The maxillary sinus findings were classified into five groups: 0 = no finding, 1 = mucosal thickening, 2 = polypoidal thickening, 3 = partial opacification, and 4 = total opacification. The statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between the skeletal malocclusion and pathological maxillary sinus findings. However, there were significant differences in the Schneiderian membrane thicknesses between the groups.

Conclusion:

The Schneiderian membrane thickness was significantly different for Class II and Class III patients (P = 0.002). It was lowest for Class II and highest for Class III group. The relationship between pathological maxillary sinus findings and skeletal malocclusions was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05).

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_29_20

How to Cite this Article

Akhoon AB, Mushtaq M, Akhoon ZA. Relationship between maxillary sinus findings, Schneiderian membrane thickness, and various skeletal malocclusions in a selected sample of ethnic Kashmiri population: A retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020;11:151-6.



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Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 44-49

Unilateral en-masse distalization of maxillary posterior teeth using miniplate

Sankalp Agnani, Kamal Bajaj, Siddharth Mehta

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Sankalp Agnani

413 Adarsh Nagar, Near Geeta Bhawan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Abstract

Traditional methods of distalization in maxillary arch require patient cooperation with headgear or elastics, which are awkward for the patient. Hence, numerous intraoral procedures have been offered to reduce patient discomfort. In continuance with such efforts, our aim is to present a successful method of unilateral en-masse distalization using miniplate. Treatment results were evaluated using lateral cephalogram and dental models. Findings suggested that miniplate is effective method of correcting unilateral Class II relationship.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_28_19

How to cite this article: Agnani S, Bajaj K, Mehta S. Unilateral en‐masse distalization of maxillary posterior teeth using miniplate. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:44-9.

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Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 37-43

En-masse intrusion and retraction with preadjusted edgewise appliance using two different sites of mini-implant placement

A Sumathi Felicita, Shabeena Abdul Kader

Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. A Sumathi Felicita

Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract:

This article compares the treatment outcome between two patients when en-masse intrusion and retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth were performed with mini-implants placed at different sites. Both the patients had a skeletal Class II malocclusion with Angle's Class I molar relation, Class I canine relation, proclination of upper and lower anterior teeth. In the first case, intrusion and retraction was done with conventional friction mechanics for space closure and an intrusive force from a mini-implant placed in the midline. In the second case, intrusion and retraction were done with the application of force from the anterior attachments to mini-implants placed between the second premolars and first permanent molar bilaterally. There was intrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth with both mechanics. However, the evaluation of treatment outcome at the end of space closure showed mesial movement of the maxillary first permanent molar in the first case. In the second case, distal movement and intrusion of the maxillary first permanent molar and decrease in the lower anterior facial height was noted. The mechanics in the first case can be applied for intrusion and retraction of maxillary anterior teeth when anchorage requirement is not critical. The mechanics described in the second case can be used for intrusion and retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in cases with a very high anchorage need and will be beneficial in patients with vertical growth pattern.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_44_20

How to cite this article: Felicita AS, Kader SA. En‐masse intrusion and retraction with preadjusted edgewise appliance using two different sites of mini-implant placement. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:37-43.

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Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 32-36

Treatment of Class II division 2 malocclusion with orthodontics and surgical combined syngeritic approach

V Ganesh Shetty, K Pratham Shetty

Department of Orthodontics, A J Institue of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. V Ganesh Shetty

M G Road, Mudigere, Chickamagular - 577 132, Karnataka, India

Abstract:

A 21-year-old male presented with irregularily placed upper front teeth, skeletal Class II relation and also Class II molar relation with 100% overbite, retroclined upper central incisors, and proclined right lateral incisor. Nonextraction treatment was planned to correct the malccusion on the diagnosis and treatment planning. Intrusion arch was used to intrude and procline the upper central incisors. Correcting the axial inclination of retroclined incisors caused unlocking of the mandible, presurgical orthodontics was carried out. Followed by surgically correcting the posteriorily positioned mandible, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy mandibular advancement and genioplasty was proformed Posttreatment incisors inclination was corrected, bilateral Class I molar relation was achieved, and canine in its position by postsurgical orthodontics. The smile arc was improved along with mentolabial sulcus and facial profile

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_48_20

How to cite this article: Shetty VG, Shetty KP. Treatment of class II division 2 malocclusion with orthodontics and surgical combined syngeritic approach. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:32-6.

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Review Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 26-31

Fixed functional appliances for correction of Class II malocclusion: A review

AK Ckauhan, Fatima Alam, Santosh Verma, Syed Shafaq

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Fatima Alam

Abul Hasan House, Galshaheed, Prince Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract:

This review article presents various fixed functional appliances that have been developed all these years with the aim of correcting Class II malocclusion. Class II malocclusion though multifactorial in etiology, but the main cause is mandibular retrognathia. The treatment aims to modify the direction and amount of mandibular growth rather than restricting the development of the maxilla. Hence, the various appliances were developed removable and fixed with the aim to correct Class II malocclusion. Fixed functional appliances were developed with the aim to correct Class II malocclusion without the need of patient compliance, which was a major concern toward removable functional appliances.

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_38_20

How to cite this article: Chauhan AK, Alam F, Verma S, Shafaq S. Fixed functional appliances for correction of Class II malocclusion: A review. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:26-31.

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Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 1 | Page : 19-25

Influence of smile and facial angulations on facial attractiveness: Perceptions of laypersons, dentists and orthodontists

Sweta Saravanan, Sridhar Kannan, Nitin Arora, Ashish Kumar Singh, Abhita Malhotra

Department of Orthodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Sridhar Kannan
8193, Sector B, Pocket IX, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi - 110 070
India

Abstract:

Objective:

To evaluate the facial profile view perceived as most attractive and whether this attractiveness was influenced in a neutral and smiling face.

Methodology:

Sixty participants (20 each of laypersons, dentists, and orthodontists) were chosen for the study. Their facial photos were taken along with professional models' with normal occlusion. Participants were asked to rate self and model photos using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) based on attractiveness; select most attractive face by looking at panels with 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° rotated facial photos of neutral and smiling for models and self; select most attractive photo from the combination panels of neutral and smiling photos of self and model.

Results:

VAS scores by orthodontists for both neutral and smiling faces for both self and model were more or less similar. Dentists and laypersons found smiling photographs more attractive. The 45 angle was perceived most attractive in self and model for both the neutral and smiling categories separately by all three groups. In the combination category, orthodontist perceived the 0° smiling (model) as the most attractive followed by 45° smiling, whereas dentists and laypersons found 45° smiling photographs most attractive.

Conclusion:

The 45° profile view was most preferred by all three groups when assessing self as well as models. Smiling photographs of both self and model are considered more attractive than neutral photographs.

Source of Support: 

None 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_16_20

How to cite this article: Saravanan S, Kannan S, Arora N, Singh AK, Malhotra A. Influence of smile and facial angulations on facial attractiveness: Perceptions of laypersons, dentists, and orthodontists. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:19-25.

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